Improvement in facing compounds for molds



UNITED STATES Pnrnlygir rron BART KANE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN FACING COMPOUNDS FOR moles.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 147,138, dated February3, 1874; application filed May 23, 1873.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BART KANE, of Oincinnati, Ohio, have invented acertain Oompouud to be Used in and about Molding Iron, of which thefollowing is a specification:

This invention relates to that class of compounds used in dusting thatportion of the face of a mold that comes in contact with the melted ironin the process of casting, and is applied through the medium of adust-bag. It consists in a composition formed by mixing fireclay andmanganese with mineral or vegetable carbon finely pulverized.

The best proportions of the mixture are three (3) parts of fire-clay,two (2) of manganese, and five (5) of carbon. The properties of eachingredient, their functions, and the chemical result of theircombination when applied, are described as follows: Carbon has thescaling property that prevents the moldingsand from adhering to theiron, and imparts the iron color to the casting. It is, however,destitute of the property of attracting moisture from the moldingsand,so as to cause it (the carbon) to adhere to the mold; conse quently thefiowof the liquid iron washes it along the surface of the mold, andthe'sand is burned into the casting, giving it a rough surface. Thisefl'ect is counteracted by the mixture of the fire-clay, which, havinglikewise scaling properties, has also the property of attractingmoisture from the sand sufficient to hold the carbon, aswell as theother ingredients of the compound, in place, in conjunction, of course,with the pressure of the atmosphere. Fire-clay has also the importantproperty of rendering the face of the mold fire-proof--a property thatdoes not exist, except in a very limited degree, in any other facing nowin use. Manganese is a heavy mineral, and, mixed with the otheringredients, assists the moisture and atmosphere in making all adhere tothe mold. The combination of these ingredients when applied to the faceof the mold also produces an important result by the elimination.

of carbonic acid gas, enabling the molder to return the pattern withoutthe use of a return facing.

After the mold has been faced or dusted, the pattern is returned to themold, for the purpose of making a smooth surface on the casting. Thisnecessarily excludes the air from between the pattern and the mold. Withthe compounds ordinarily used, should the pattern be lifted out, therebeing no atmospheric pressure against the facing from within,

but a pressure from beneath through the sand,

a thin layer of the facing is pressed against the pattern, where itadheres and is lifted out with it, spoiling the surface of the mold.This is counteracted by using what is called a return facing, composedof coarse sand mixed with various other ingredients, which is applied onthe top of the facing before the pattern is returned, preventing thecomplete exhaustion of the air and furnishing a medium through which airis supplied by circulation between the coarse particles to the space between the pattern and the mold in such quantities as are required; butwith this compound, when the air is excluded from the mold by the returnof the pattern, the fire-clay, manganese, and carbon, so closelyblending together, the oxygen of the second unites with the carbon, withthe assistance of the moisture drawn by the first, forming carbonic-acidgas between the pattern and the mold in suflicient quantity to overcomethe atmospheric pressure from beneath, preventing the facing fromadhering to the pattern, thus avoiding the use of the return facing.

I claim as my invention- The combination of fire clay, manganese, andcarbon, to be used as a foundry facing, prepared substantially asdescribed.

BART KANE.

lVitnesses:

L. H. PUMMILL, CHAS. E. JENKINS.

